![]() ![]() In his History of the Peloponnesian War, Thucydides ascribes a speech to Archidamus II in which he stresses the importance for Sparta of civic education for the Spartan virtues of toughness, obedience, cunning, simplicity, and preparedness:Īnd we are wise, because we are educated with too little learning to despise the laws, and with too severe a self-control to disobey them, and are brought up not to be too knowing in useless matters-such as the knowledge which can give a specious criticism of an enemy's plans in theory, but fails to assail them with equal success in practice-but are taught to consider that the schemes of our enemies are not dissimilar to our own, and that the freaks of chance are not determinable by calculation. Philosophical views Ancient Sparta Archidamus ![]()
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